Associated Factors of Self-Management in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus at Community Health Center

Hema Malini, Fitra Yeni, Cindy Ayu Pratiwi, Devia Putri Lenggogeni

Abstract

Patients with diabetes mellitus have difficulties in managing their disease. Most of patients with uncontrolled diabetes have HbA1c > 9%. This study aimed to determine the factors associated with self-management of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with HbA1c> 9% in Public Health Center, Padang 2019. This study used a cross-sectional design. The sampling technique using a total sampling technique with a total sample of 79 respondents. This study used a questionnaire that consists of questionnaires; DKQ, DMSES, S4-MAD, and SDSCA-revised. Data were analyzed using the Pearson Product Moment Correlation test. This study showed, knowledge (mean= 10.89), self-efficacy (mean= 50.01), social support (mean= 52.27), and self-management (mean= 48.38 ). The factors associated with self-management of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with HbA1c> 9%, are knowledge (p = 0.016), self-efficacy (p = 0.000), and social support (p = 0.001). The most dominant factor in self-management of diabetes patients is self-efficacy (p-value = 0.000), (r = 0.607), and (r2 = 0.3684). Based on the study, it is recommended for health workers to be able to increase their attention to type 2 patients diabetes mellitus patient who have HbA1c> 9% to improve their efficacy in self-management so that patients can control blood 

Keywords

Type 2 Diabetes, Knowledge, Self-Eficacy, Self-Management, Social Support

Full Text:

PDF

References

Amelia, R., Damanik, H. A., Lindarto, D., & Mutiara, E. (2017). The Correlation Between Self Care Behavior and the Level of Hba1c of the Patients with Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 in Binjai City , Sumatera Utara Province, (January). https://doi.org/10.2991/phico-16.2017.39

Amer, F. A., & Mohamed, M. S. (2018). Influence of self-efficacy management on adherence to self-care activities and treatment outcome among diabetes mellitus type 2 Sudanese patients, 16(4), 1–7.

Ariani, Y., Sitorus, R., & Gayatri, D. (2012). Motivasi dan efikasi diri pasien diabetes melitus tipe 2 dalam asuhan keperawatan. Keperawatan Indonesia, 15 No.1, 29–38.

Bikramjit, P., Raveender, N., & Sudipta, P. (2017). The importance of HbA1C and erythrocyte sedimentation rate as prognostic factors in predicting the outcome of diabetic foot ulcer disease, 4(1), 137–142.

Black, J. M., & Hawks, J. H. (2014). Keperawatan Medikal Bedah : Manajemen Klinis Untuk Hasil Yang Diharapkan (8th ed.). Singapore: Elsevier Pte Ltd.

BPJS Kesehatan. (2014). Panduan Praktis PROLANIS (Program Pengelolaan Penyakit Kronis). BPJS Kesehatan, 3–6. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.497904

Coyle, M. E., Francis, K., & Chapman, Y. (2013). Self-management activities in diabetes care: A systematic review. Australian Health Review, 37(4), 513–522. https://doi.org/10.1071/AH13060

Dinas Kesehatan Provinsi, [DKD]. (2018). Data Surveilans Penyakit Tidak Menular (PTM) 2016-2018 Provinsi Sumatera Barat. Padang: Dinas Kesehatan Provinsi Sumatera Barat.

Farzana, S., Mumu, S., Ara, F., Hafez, M. A., & Ali, L. (2014). Non-adherence to self-care practices & medication and health related quality of life among patients with type 2 diabetes: a cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health, 14, 431. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-14-431

Gonzalez, J. S., Tanenbaum, M. L., Commissariat, P. V, & Jeffrey, S. (2016). Psychosocial Factors in Medication Adherence and Diabetes Self-Management : Implications for Research and Practice, 71(7), 539–551.

Horvat, O., Popržen, J., Tomas, A., Paut Kusturica, M., Tomi?, Z., & Sabo, A. (2018). Factors associated with non-adherence among type 2 diabetic patients in primary care setting in eastern Bosnia and Herzegovina. Primary Care Diabetes, 12(2), 147–154. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pcd.2017.10.002

International Diabetes Federation, [IDF]. (2017). IDF Diabetes Atlas (8th Eds), 14–25. Retrieved from http://diabetesatlas.org/IDF_Diabetes_Atlas_8e_interactive_EN/

Kementrian Kesehatan, [Kemenkes]. (2018). Laporan Hasil Riset Kesehatan Dasar Tahun 2018.

Koetsenruijter, J., Eikelenboom, N. Van, Lieshout, J. Van, Vassilev, I., Lionis, C., Todorova, E., … Wensing, M. (2015). Patient Education and Counseling Social support and self-management capabilities in diabetes patients : An international observational study. Patient Education and Counseling. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pec.2015.10.029

Kugbey, N., Asante, K. O., & Adulai, K. (2017). Illness perception , diabetes knowledge and self ? care practices among type ? 2 diabetes patients : a cross ? sectional study. BMC Research Notes, 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13104-017-2707-5

Kusnanto, Sundari, P. M., Asmoro, C. P., & Arifin, H. (2019). Hubungan tingkat pengetahuan dan diabetes self-management dengan tingkat stress pasien diabetes melitus yang menjalani diet. Keperawatan Indonesia, 22(March), 31–42. https://doi.org/10.7454/jki.v22i1.780

Mikhael, E. M., Hassali, M. A., Hussain, S. A., & Shawky, N. (2019). Self-management knowledge and practice of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in Baghdad , Iraq : a qualitative study. Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity:Targets and Therapy, 1–17.

Mohebi, S., Azadbakht, L., Feizi, A., Sharifirad, G., & Kargar, M. (2013). Review the key role of self ? efficacy in diabetes care. Journal of Education and Health Promotion, 2(July), 1–7. https://doi.org/10.4103/2277-9531.115827

Muhammad, C., Nazar, J., Bojerenu, M. M., Safdar, M., & Marwat, J. (2016). literature review, 5(2), 110–115.

Mumu, S., Saleh, F., Ara, F., Afnan, F., & Ali, L. (2014). Non-adherence to life-style modification and its factors among type 2 diabetic patients. Indian Journal of Public Health, 58(1), 40. https://doi.org/10.4103/0019-557X.128165

Ravi, S., Kumar, S., & Gopichandran, V. (2018). Do supportive family behaviors promote diabetes self-management in resource limited urban settings? A cross sectional study. BMC Public Health, 18(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-018-5766-1

Rembang, V. P., Katuuk, M. E., & Malara, R. (2017). Hubungan dukungan sosial dan motivasi dengan perawatan mandiri pada pasien diabetes melitus tipe 2 di poliklinik penyakit dalam RSUD Mokopido Toli-Toli. E- Jurnal Keperawatan, 5.

Sari, D. N. (2018). Hubungan antara self efficacy dengan self care pada penderita diabetes melitus tipe 2 di poliklinik penyakit dalam rsup m.djamil padang. Padang: Universitas Andalas. Skripsi.

Sari, N. P. W. (2016). Diabetes mellitus: hubungan antara pengetahuan sensoris, kesadaran diri, tindakan perawatan diri dan kualitas hidup. Ners Lentera, 4(1).

Schiøtz, M. L., Bøgelund, M., Almdal, T., Jensen, B. B., & Willaing, I. (2011). Education and psychological aspects social support and self-management behaviour among patients with Type 2 diabetes. Diabetic Medicine, 654–661. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1464-5491.2011.03485.x

Smeltzer, Suzanne. C., Bare, Brenda G., Hinkle, Janice L., & Cheever, K. H. (2010). Brunner & Suddarth’s textbook of medical-surgical nursing (12th ed.). China: Wolters Kluwer Health / Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.

Suandi, M. (2016). Hubungan efikasi diri dengan manajemen diri pada pasien diabetes melitus tipe 2 di rsup dr.m.djamil padang. Padang: Universitas Andalas. Skripsi.

Vaccaro JA, Exebio JC, Zarini GG, H. F. (2014). The Role of Family / Friend Social Support in Diabetes Self-Management for Minorities with Type 2 Diabetes. World Journal of Nutrition and Health, 2(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.12691/jnh-2-1-1

World Health Organization, [WHO]. (2016). Global report on diabetes. World Health Organization, 58(12), 1–88. https://doi.org/10.1128/AAC.03728-14

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.20884/1.jks.2020.15.2.1229

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Bookmark and Share